Coxarthrosis is a deforming arthrosis of the hip joint.
This degenerative tissue changes is a chronic disease characterized by cartilage damage. Symptomatically, coxarthrosis is defined by regular pain and deformity in the hip joint, impaired mobility. Pathological changes are based on cartilage damage and subsequent inflammatory reactions. With osteoarthritis, bone tissue is replaced. The lesion occurs locally, but other joints may also be involved. The main contingent of patients are elderly people. Risk factors can be hereditary predisposition, high body weight and trauma. People with this problem have endocrine diseases and metabolic imbalances. However, the treatment focuses on restoring cartilage structure and function. Treatment of coxarthrosis is a long-term process, including anti-inflammatory therapy, the use of chondroitin and glucosamine to replenish joint nutrition, exercise therapy, and physiotherapy. Herbal treatment is recommended to protect the joints at home. Proper diet and moderate exercise are important.
Symptoms of coxarthrosis
With coxarthrosis, the articular cartilage initially undergoes deforming changes. There are 3 stages in the development of the disease. At the initial stage, there are no morphological changes in the tissues of the joint. Only functional viability is affected. A person feels periodic pain in the joint area after physical exertion, running, long distances. After rest, the pain syndrome disappears. In the second stage, the bone begins to deform. The naturalness of the movements is sharply reduced. The pain is intense and often appears at rest. The third stage is characterized by chronic pain syndrome. Pain worries patients day and night. It is difficult to walk without a stick, the human body is forced to lean forward. There is a lot of growth in the joint bones.
The main symptoms of osteoarthritis include:
- morning stiffness;
- joint pain;
- Difficulties moving at a distance of more than 1 km;
- prolonged sitting or increasing pain in the legs.
Podiatristians call coxarthrosis one of the most common types of osteoarthritis. The risk group includes obesity, heavy physical work, the elderly. Lack of treatment leads to complete destruction of the hip joint and severe dysfunction of the lower extremities, accompanied by abnormal mobility or complete inactivity.
Drug treatment
Treatment of coxarthrosis begins with sports restriction. It is a long-term process that combines different therapies: taking anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications, intra-articular injections, physiotherapy and sports therapy.
Features of treatment of coxarthrosis 1, 2, 3 degrees:
- In the first stage, NSAIDs are prescribed to stop the inflammatory process, drugs that normalize metabolic processes, analgesics are also needed, folk remedies are used in complex therapy;
- In the second stage of coxarthrosis, intraarticular injections based on hyaluronic acid are added to drug treatment, laser treatment, electrical stimulation is performed;
- The third stage is treated conservatively and operatively, joint prostheses are made if it is impossible to cope without surgery.
Medication plays the biggest role. Without anti-inflammatory and supportive substances, dystrophic changes cannot be avoided and persistent pain cannot be eliminated. Doctors prescribe pharmacological agents of various actions to reduce the condition of patients during exacerbations.
- Medication plays the biggest role. Without anti-inflammatory and supportive substances, dystrophic changes cannot be avoided and persistent pain cannot be eliminated. Doctors prescribe pharmacological agents of various actions to reduce the condition of patients during exacerbations.
- Muscle relaxants. Reduces skeletal muscle toneMuscles relax, due to which the pain syndrome is reduced, the person is relieved of pain. These drugs are contraindicated in patients with cardiac arrhythmias.
- Chondroprotectors. Symptomatic drugs containing collagen. They nourish and repair damaged cartilage. They provide collagen to the joints from the outside and stimulate their production by the body. Chondroprotective drugs are drunk for a long time. Under the influence of these funds, the metabolism in the tissues improves, and the destroyed cartilage gradually grows. In complex therapy, these drugs are undoubtedly beneficial, especially in the early stages of the disease. In chronic osteoarthritis, disability is postponed.
To stop the destruction of cartilage tissue and provide the joint with "lubrication", similar preparations based on hyaluronic acid and synthetic substances containing synovial fluid are used. They are very compatible with the tissues of the human body. They effectively stop the process of cartilage destruction, have analgesic and chondroprotective effects. Synthetic substances additionally contain silver ions, which have a bacteriostatic effect.
Prosthesis
Endoprosthesis is a surgical method for the treatment of the hip joint. When irreversible consequences occur in the cartilage tissue as a result of coxarthrosis and dysplasia, they resort to joint replacement. As a result of the operation, it is possible not only to reduce the chronic pain syndrome, but also to restore the function and mobility of the joint. Artificial compounds are made of metal-polyethylene and ceramics. Fixation to living bone occurs in cement and without cement. Endoprostheses take good root and can last for decades. However, in some cases, the prosthesis wears out quickly, and then a second operation is needed.
Physiotherapy treatment
Treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip joint is carried out by complex measures, including with the help of physiotherapy. This direction is associated with the support of the body during physical rehabilitation, recovery and remission, prevention of inflammation. Physiotherapy is practiced by orthopedists, traumatologists, rheumatologists, masseurs, exercise therapy trainers.
The following methods are considered effective for the treatment of coxarthrosis:
- ultrasound therapy;
- laser therapy;
- induction;
- massage;
- treated by hand.
With ultrasound treatment, high-frequency waves penetrate the tissues and act as a vibration massage. Improves biochemical processes, prevents stagnation, promotes better absorption of drugs. Ultrasound reduces inflammation.
Laser treatment dilates blood vessels, stimulates lymph flow, inhibits inflammation and improves tissues. The technique improves tissue trophism, helps maintain the structure and function of organs.
During inductothermy, high-frequency waves affect the body. The method is effective in the presence of any inflammation and pathology of the musculoskeletal system. Stimulates the immune system, reduces pain and has a rejuvenating effect.
Massage is hardware and mechanical. Contrary to popular belief, only the surface layer of the skin and muscles is not exposed during massage. During the work of the masseur, the reflex and humoral mechanisms of internal organs are activated. The combination of many different massage techniques has antispasmodic, tonic, lymphatic drainage and analgesic effects on the patient.
A chiropractor works on a person's bones and joints. Eliminates tension from some areas, tones others, relieves pain, restores the functional vitality of the joints. First, the doctor applies diagnostic methods, during which time he determines the condition and capabilities of muscles, ligaments and joints. Then go for treatment. Manual methods are not used during exacerbations and complications.
The role of spa treatment
Sanatorium treatment is of great importance for coxarthrosis. Treatment and prevention facilities use mostly natural factors to support people with musculoskeletal disorders.
- Climatotherapy. These are territorial features, weather factors, sea water, sun, air combination. Climatotherapy helps to heal, prevents the development of flares, improves the course of biological and physiological processes in the body. Ideal conditions for the treatment of osteoarthritis are created in areas with high temperatures and high solar radiation.
- Healing mud. It differs in origin. Peat, sulfide-sludge, sapropel, hydrothermal. They are characterized by high heat capacity. Contains mineral, organic, biologically active ingredients that penetrate the skin and have a beneficial effect on the joints. Improves metabolic processes, reduces inflammation and normalizes blood circulation.
- Mineral water. Contains trace elements, dissolved salts, biologically active substances. The use of mineral baths for diseases of the musculoskeletal system is indicated. The procedures increase mobility, increase tone, activate blood circulation, improve metabolism.
- Phytotherapy. A method based on the use of herbs. Infusions and mixtures contain a large number of active ingredients that not only effectively support the patient's body, but also have a significant therapeutic effect.
Treatment with natural factors in sanatoriums is combined with physiotherapy methods, exercise therapy, diet, adherence to a daily regimen. Spa programs are designed for all stages of joint disease.
Physical activity
In the recommendations for people with osteoarthritis, doctors recommend limiting the load on the foot. It is worth stopping squatting, squatting and physical activity at home and in the garden. If the pain is already felt, do not strain the joint (reduce the cardinal load). Especially running, jumping should be excluded. However, you can not do without gymnastics.
Special exercises must be done for the seam to work. A person with osteoarthritis is not suitable for "youth" gymnastics - at a fast pace, with increasing loads, with high intensity of the whole session. With a painful joint, gymnastics should be measured extremely slowly, smoothly, until discomfort or pain appears. If there is pain - it is worth a break.
Therapeutic gymnastics allows you to normalize the condition of the muscles, improve blood circulation in the joints, provide proper nutrition, remove the products of decay and inflammation. Gymnastics helps drugs to quickly enter a painful joint and have a therapeutic effect. The most difficult task of physiotherapy exercises is the correct dose of load. A very short workout can not achieve a healing effect. And excessive load will cause additional damage to the joint. Authorized advice can only be given by the attending physician. These will depend on the patient's condition and the nature of the disease in each case.
Nutrition for coxarthrosis
There are many reasons for the destruction of cartilage. Nutrition is of great importance in the treatment of 1st, 2nd, 3rd degree arthrosis of the hip joint. Today, the market is full of foods rich in preservatives. Attractive hams, smoked meats, sausages, having fun on the shelves contain many specific components. Enzymes that speed up the meat production process and produce an attractive product are treated with active ingredients. Preservatives extend the shelf life of any product: ready-made or raw, which is not widely used among manufacturers.
When eating food filled with preservatives, a person receives excess salt, which retains moisture. Salt is stored in cartilage tissue and accumulates and the joint malfunctions. This type of osteoarthritis is essentially a simple inflammation that has a good effect on self-therapy. Metabolic diseases, metabolic deficiency, coxarthrosis, which occurs against the background of garbage food intake, require adherence to a diet. You don't have to limit yourself to food intake or give up the whole list of healthy foods. It is enough to follow some simple rules:
- refuse ready-smoked meats from the store;
- exclude the consumption of concentrated broths;
- prefer cooking and baking according to the method of cooking;
- completely exclude salt consumption, do not buy salted fish, sausages, canned foods;
- Consume no more than 10-15 g of animal fat per day, prepare meals with the addition of various vegetable oils;
- to monitor the caloric content of foods, to give up the so-called "fast" carbohydrates, sugar, confectionery;
- exclude mayonnaise from the diet, seasonal salads and sauces with low-fat sour cream;
- to exclude the consumption of alcoholic beverages;
- Limit consumption of oily fish, caviar.
Get smoked meats instead of natural meats, chickens grown on farms by local producers. It is better to cook the first dishes in vegetable broth for several hours without boiling vitamin-rich foods. The broth cubes that are popular today are almost 100% chemical. This is purely harmful.
you should not give up boiled meat completely. But it is better to take pre-cooked non-fat pieces and put them in pieces on a plate and only then pour the vegetable soup. The complete rejection of meat is excessive.
An old recipe for preserving the strength of bones and joints is mixed meat. This was true a few decades ago, when little was known about artificial preservatives. Now such a product can only raise cholesterol.
Fresh fish has not been treated with preservatives before. But modern manufacturers have also learned this. Today we can talk about the benefits of fish if it comes directly to the counter from a fishing hunter or is taken alive.
A person can suffer from deformed arthrosis only by changing the principles of nutrition. The diet should include plenty of fresh vegetables, berries, greens, fruits. Low-fat dairy products, lean meat and chicken are good. Rice, beets, potatoes, watermelon help remove salt from the body. It is recommended to organize fasting days once a week in kefir, cottage cheese, fruits, herbal decoctions.